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| Cholera - Epidemics are Major Health Concerns |
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South Africa |
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Epidemic and endemic cholera are not new disease entities and the disease has raged in Africa since the early 1970’s. Currently, South Africa is in the midst of a major cholera epidemic that has highlighted several problems in the current system of water supply, sanitation and disease control. While health care workers struggle to treat patients presenting with severe diarrhoea, the water supply in several areas remains heavily con-taminated and many resi-dents are still unaware of their health risks. This timely article discusses the disease process and the appropriate mana-gement and prevention of cholera.
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Cholera : Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but sometimes it can be severe. Approximately one in 20 infected persons has severe disease characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps. In these persons, rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shock. Without treatment, death can occur within hours.
Guidelines for the Control of Infectious Diseases: Cholera : Factsheet from Australia.
Nobel e-Museum: Cholera: G Proteins are at Full Speed Ahead : The Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine 1994.
MDTravel Health - Cholera : Features links, disease and vaccine information, and prevention.
Medmicro: Cholera, Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139, and Other Pathogenic Vibrios : Scientific and medical information about the organisms and the diseases they cause.
Pan American Health Organization: Cholera : Incidence reports, surveillance, and databases.
Cholera : WHO fact sheet with cause, treatment, pandemics, prevention, and transmission.
WHO: Cholera Vaccine : Directory of resources concerning cholera and its vaccine.
WHO: Cholera : Includes factsheets, news releases, control measures, vaccines, and information for travelers.
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